In vertebrates such as mammals the abdomen (belly) constitutes the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis. The region enclosed by the abdomen is termed the abdominal cavity. In arthropods it is the most distal section of the body which lies behind the thorax or cephalothorax.
The abdomen includes a host of organs including the stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, appendix, gallbladder, and bladder.
The term abdominal surgery broadly covers surgical procedures that involve opening the abdomen. Surgery of each abdominal organ is dealt with separately in connection with the description of that organ (see stomach, kidney, liver, etc.) Diseases affecting the abdominal cavity are dealt with generally under their own names.
The three most common abdominal surgeries are described below in India.
- Exploratory Laparotomy :- This refers to the opening of the abdominal cavity for direct examination of its contents, for example, to locate a source of bleeding or trauma. It may or may not be followed by repair or removal of the primary problem.
- Appendectomy :- Surgical opening of the abdominal cavity and removal of the appendix. Typically performed as definitive treatment for appendicitis, although sometimes the appendix is prophylactically removed incidental to another abdominal procedure.
- Laparoscopy :- A minimally invasive approach to abdominal surgery where rigid tubes are inserted through small incisions into the abdominal cavity. The tubes allow introduction of a small camera, surgical instruments, and gases into the cavity for direct or indirect visualization and treatment of the abdomen. The abdomen is inflated with carbon dioxide gas to facilitate visualization and, often, a small video camera is used to show the procedure on a monitor in the operating room. The surgeon manipulates instruments within the abdominal cavity to perform procedures such as cholecystectomy, the most common laparoscopic procedure. The laparoscopic method speeds recovery time and reduces blood loss and infection as compared to the traditional “open” cholecystectomy.
Abdominal Surgery Recovery After Surgery in India
Abdominal Surgery Recovery At Home in India
After it’s time to get a discharge, you’ve to plan out the entire procedure to get back home as any carelessness can cause damage to the healing surgery. Firstly, ask your family members or friends to arrange a car so that you can comfortably go home. Use pillows and seat belts to prevent any jerk or shock. Be assisted by your care takers so that in case of an emergency you can reach out to them. At home, ensure that your family members have located you to a room that is not cluttered and is comfortable for you. The bed should be especially comfortable so that you don’t have any discomfort while sleeping or taking rest. Make sure you’ve an attached washroom and all basic necessities like water and low residue food are arranged for you in the room. If you don’t feel very comfortable being alone, request any of your family members to be there with you so that you can seek out help, in case you need it.
Ways to Reduce Abdominal Fat in India
- Dietary Changes : – Consume food which will help in burning the unwanted fat. This will definitely help you to lose belly fat quickly. Fruits like lemon, guava, oranges, apples, grapes, fresh green leafy vegetables, whole grains, egg white, sea food etc. are the examples of such type of food. Excessive use of sugar, salt, oil, junk food, highly processed food should be avoided. High fiber diet and low carb diet should be strictly followed.
- Liquid Diet : – Drink around 7-8 glasses of water daily. This will keep the body properly hydrated and will also reduce the craving for food. In case of dehydration the body organs function slowly and fat can not be burnt fast when the organs are working slowly. You can also replace your meals with fruit juices, soups, milk and milk shakes, lemonade, tea etc. to reduce the intake of calories.
- Exercise : – There are various abdominal exercises to reduce abdominal fat, which should be a part of your daily routine. Once you start exercising, increase the intensity of exercises slowly. Reverse crunch, long arm crunch, ball crunch, dynamic abs exercises, bicycle, treadmill can be part of your fat burning exercises. Aerobics, walking, swimming , jogging, cardiovascular exercises are good exercises to lose belly fat.
- Yoga : – Yoga helps a lot in reducing abdominal fat. Various Aasanas like Pavan-Muktasan, Bhujangasan, Dhanurasan, Paad-Paschimottanasan, Uddiyaana Bandha etc. help to reduce abdominal fat.