TATA CANCER HOSPITAL MUMBAI

TATA CANCER HOSPITAL MUMBAI IN INDIA

 

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India
Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

The Tata Memorial Hospital was initially commissioned by the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust on 28 February 1941 as a center with enduring value and a mission for concern for the Indian people.

In 1952 the Indian Cancer Research Centre was established as a pioneer research institute for basic research – later called the Cancer Research Institute (CRI). In 1957 the Ministry of Health took over the Tata Memorial Hospital. The transfer of the administrative control of the Tata Memorial Centre (Tata Memorial Hospital & Cancer Research Institute) to the Department of Atomic Energy in 1962 was the next major milestone. The Tata Memorial Hospital and Cancer Research Institute merged as the two arms of the Tata Memorial Centre (TMC) in 1966 as a classic example of private philanthropy augmented by Government support with a mandate for Service, Education & Research in Cancer.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

Every year nearly 43,000 new patients visit the clinics from all over India and neighbouring countries. Nearly 60% of these cancer patients receive primary care at the Hospital of which over 70% are treated almost free of any charges. Over 1000 patients attend the OPD daily for medical advice, comprehensive care or for follow-up treatment.

Nearly 6300 major operations are performed annually and 6000 patients treated with Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy annually in multi-disciplinary programmes delivering established treatments. At the TMH, Evidence Based Medicine is the keystone of our endeavour. Apart from the patient care and service, clinical research programmes and randomized trials contribute increasingly to improved delivery of care and highest standards of work ethics.

Surgery remains the vital form of treatment along with radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The strategies for early diagnosis, treatment management, rehabilitation, pain relief and terminal care have been established in a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach for a total cancer care programme.

Every year nearly 43,000 new patients visit the clinics from all over India and neighbouring countries. Nearly 60% of these cancer patients receive primary care at the Hospital of which over 70% are treated almost free of any charges. Over 1000 patients attend the OPD daily for medical advice, comprehensive care or for follow-up treatment.

Nearly 6300 major operations are performed annually and 6000 patients treated with Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy annually in multi-disciplinary programmes delivering established treatments. At the TMH, Evidence Based Medicine is the keystone of our endeavour. Apart from the patient care and service, clinical research programmes and randomized trials contribute increasingly to improved delivery of care and highest standards of work ethics.

Surgery remains the vital form of treatment along with radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The strategies for early diagnosis, treatment management, rehabilitation, pain relief and terminal care have been established in a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach for a total cancer care programme.

Many advances have taken place in every speciality. In surgery, concepts have changed taking into account the biology of cancer. Radical surgeries have yielded place to more conservative surgery with the very important objective of quality of life, conserving function and organ without compromising overall survival outcomes.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

Radiation therapy has also made rapid advances with high technology, precision, computerisation and newer isotopes for therapy. Chemotherapy has played a very major role, with new drugs and clinical protocols investigated in clinical trials. The TMH was the first Centre in the country to initiate Bone Marrow Transplant in 1983. This has been possible due to better total supportive care using newer antibiotics, nutritional, blood transfusion support and nursing. Another important area of progress over the last few years has been radiological imaging techniques using ultrasound, CT Scanners, MRI and more dynamic real time nuclear medicine scanning and the PET Scan. A “first in India” PET CT scanner has been procured to make this cutting edge technology available for cancer management.

Pathology has progressed from basic histopathology to molecular pathology with emphasis on predictive assays for identifying the high risk prognostic factors. NABL accreditation was awarded in 2005 and renewed in 2007.

Supportive care in the form of total rehabilitation, and counselling of patients is widely recognised to be very important aspects of therapy. Excellent work has been carried out in areas of rehabilitation, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, psychology and medical social work.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

Preventive Oncology has a very major and important role to play for early diagnosis, screening and down staging of cancer. Department of Preventive Oncology was commissioned in the year 1993, which give special focus on education in cancer prevention and early detection, cancer screening.

Of the 2 to 2.5 million cases of cancer in the country over 70% of cases are detected late and report for treatment in very advanced stages. The emphasis on early detection would go a long way to dealing with the large numbers as well as to mitigate avoidable suffering and a financial burden. With this aim, TMC established its first Rural Outreach Cancer Centre at Barshi, Sholapur Dist. for early diagnosis and treatment in 1983. In 2003, the second Rural Outreach Cancer Centre was set up at Dervan, Chiplun, Ratnagiri District

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

A Scientific Review Committee critically reviews the proposed research programmes and projects in detail and ensures that the research effort is at the cutting edge of an international effort. The Hospital Ethics Committee consisting of Doctors and Scientific Officers of the Centre and external expert members in the field of medicine, law and social science critically evaluate the research and medical practices followed in the Hospital. A separate Data Monitoring and Safety Committee, in addition, evaluates and monitors all officially sanctioned intramural research programmes.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

The Tata Memorial Centre is a recognized training Centre for cancer education and research by national and international organizations such as WHO, IAEA and UICC. Tata Memorial Hospital is a post-graduate teaching centre and is affiliated to the Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) (Deemed University) under Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India, and National Board of Examinations. Every year about 80 post-graduate students register with the Centre for doing their Master’s or Doctorate courses. There are about 450 students undergoing training every year in medical and non-medical and Advanced PG Diploma in technical fields from this centre and Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai Region (MSBTE) in long and short term course.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

In 2002, a Telepathlogy service was established starting with the rural Cancer Hospital at Barshi. This service is now utilised by several other hospitals as well. A telemedicine service facility was set up linking Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute at Guwahati and the Dr Walawalkar Hospital at Dervan, Chiplun in Six Hospitals in the NorthEast and Regional Cancer Centres were added in. Today TMH can be accessed by over 30 centres for telemedicine Consultations and CME broadcasts.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

In line with recent advances in Information Technology, the Tata Memorial Centre has established a comprehensive computerization of Medical Records, Material Management and Administration and also improved communication by widening of the Electronic mail and Internet facilities.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

A 14-storey block “The Tata Clinic and Faculty Block” is being planned on the premises vacated by the CRI. This facility will house site speciality clinics, 75 additional beds, Minor theatre complex, day care beds, academic offices, post graduate education, seminar rooms and a Telemedicine Centre.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer: Link to ACTREC site.

In the final analysis, an Institution is judged by the quality of the staff. Our eminence is entirely due to their unquestioned and total dedication in the cause of fighting cancer. The Tata Memorial Centre will not rest on past achievements, splendid as they are, but will continue to give succour to our patients, offer them the best chance of cure, of life, and relief from pain in continuing a tribute to the vision and dedication of those who have guided the destiny of this Institution.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

Cancer is the name given to a large group of diseases, all of which have one thing in common: cells that are growing out of control. Normally, the cells that make up all of the parts of our bodies go through a predictable life cycle — old cells die, and new cells arise to take their place. Occasionally, this process goes awry, and cells begin to multiply out of control. The end result is a mass of cells, called a tumor. A benign tumor is one that does not spread, or metastasize to other parts of the body. It is considered noncancerous. A malignant tumor, on the other hand, can spread throughout the body and is considered cancerous. When malignant cells break away from the primary tumor and settle into another part of the body, the resulting new tumor is called either a metastasis or a secondary tumor.

There are several major types of cancers: carcinomas form in the cells that cover the skin or line the mouth, throat, lungs and organs; sarcomas are found in the bones, muscles, fibrous tissues and some organs; leukemia are found in the blood, the bone marrow, and the spleen; and lymphomas are found in the lymphatic system.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

Cancer often takes many years to develop. The process typically begins with some disruption to the DNA of a cell, the genetic code that directs the life of the cell. There can be many reasons for disruptions, such as diet, tobacco, sun exposure, reproductive history or certain chemicals. Some cells will enter a precancerous phase, known as dysplasia. Some cells will progress further to the state of carcinoma in situ, in which the cancer cells are restricted to a microscopic site, surrounded by a thick covering and do not pose a great threat.

Eventually, unless the body’s own immune system takes care of the wayward cells, a cancer will develop. It may take as long as 30 years for a tumor to go through the entire process and become large enough to produce symptoms.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

Since cancer can arise from such a wide variety of sites and develop with many differing patterns of spread, there are no clear-cut symptoms . Cancer is unlike many more specific diseases such as heart disease or arthritic disease. The precise nature of symptoms of cancer depends not only on primary site but specifically where the tumor is located in an organ, rate of development and also secondary spread is present or not.

Many primary tumors cause local swelling or lump if they arise at a visible or accessible part of the body, such as a skin, breast, testicle or oral cavity. A typical swelling due to a cancer is initially painless, though ulceration (skin breakdown) can occur, which may then become painful.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India

The aim of cancer treatment is to cure the patient and save life. The cases where complete cure is not possible, treatment aims to control the disease and to keep the patient normal and comfortable as long as possible. The treatment of each patient is designed to suit an individual and depends on the age of the patient, stage and type of disease. There may be only one treatment or combination of treatments. There are four main modalities of treatment : Surgery, Radiation therapy, Chemotherapy, hormonetherapy and Immunotherapy. Surgery and radiotherapy aim at eradicating the disease at the primary site (site of origin) of cancer whereas chemotherapy, hormonetherapy and immunotherapy deal with disease which may have spread outside the site of origin of cancer. Surgery is the most important part of the cancer treatment. Surgery attempts to remove cancer cells from the body by cutting away the tumor and any tissues surrounding it which may contain cancer cells. It is a simple, safe and effective method when cancer is small and confined to the site of origin. It is best suited for certain type of cancers such as, breast cancer, head and neck cancers, early cancers of the cervix and lung, many skin cancers, soft tissue cancers and gastrointestinal cancers. Radiotherapy has become the pre-eminent form of cancer treatment since beginning of this century and now it is used for fifty percent of patients. Improvements in radiotherapy equipment, technique and applications, have led to an increasing role both in local treatment and also in its use as a whole-body treatment , as part of bone marrow transplantation techniques for leukaemia and other malignant diseases.

Radiation is a special kind of energy carried by waves or a stream of particles originating from radioactive substances and delivered by special machines. These radioactive x-rays or gamma rays can penetrate the cell wall and damage the nucleus of the cell which prevents growth and division of cells. This also affects the normal cells but these cells recover more fully than cancer cells. Chemotherapy uses drugs which interfere with the growth and division of malignant cells. Once the drugs are administered, they circulate throughout the body. It is advantageous over surgery & radiation for treating cancer that is systemic (spread throughout the body). Chemotherapy is very useful in treating cancers like leukemia, lymphomas, testicular cancer. Chemotherapy can be given as the primary treatment, or following surgery or radiotherapy to prevent reappearance of cancer.

The side-effects of the chemotherapy include nausea, vomiting, hair loss, fever etc. which are temporary and completely reversible. Hormone therapy has limited use in cancer treatment since only a small minority of tumors are hormone sensitive e.g. breast and prostate cancer. This therapy provides systemic means of treatment, i.e. to the whole body, but without the side effects of chemotherapy. In summary, it is misconception that all cancers are incurable. Current methods of treatment are effective for many cancers. A large number of cancer patients are cured and more patients could be cured if their cancers were detected early and treated promptly.

Tata Cancer Hospital Mumbai in India
  • Bladder Cancer
  • Bone Cancer
  • Breast Cancer
  • Cervical Cancer
  • Colorectal Cancer
  • Gastric (Stomach) Cancer
  • Head & Neck Cancer
  • Leukemia
  • Liver Cancer
  • Lung Cancer
  • Skin Cancer

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