Turbinates of Nose Resection India
What Is It?
The turbinates are three small ridges that run deep inside each nostril. They jut out into the nose spaces. They help to warm and moisten the air you breathe in through your nose. You have a swelling on one of the turbinates. To find out what it is, the surgeon needs to take away the swelling and look at it under a microscope. He can then tell whether you need any more treatment.For know more updates of tubinoplasty contact wecareindia.com
Emergency Cases
Turbinoplasty in India
Instead of submucosal resection of the turbinate bone, the lateral part of the inferior turbinate bone and the overlying mucosa are removed. And then medial side remnant turbinate tissues are rolled up and displaced laterally to cover the bare bone as a mucosal flap. This procedure is simpler than submucosal turbinectomy and effective for the nasal obstruction
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Lateral nasal wall
The lateral nasal wall is composed of the nasal, frontal, occipital, lacrimal, ethmoid, maxillary, and palatine bones. The inferior turbinate constitutes a separate bone and articulates with the maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid, and palatine bones. The superior and middle turbinates project off the ethmoid bone. The lacrimal process of the inferior turbinate forms the medial wall of the nasolacrimal duct, which drains into the inferior meatus.
Nasal valve
The nasal valve is formed laterally by the caudal end of the upper lateral cartilages and medially by the septum. The anterior tip of the inferior turbinate lies in the area of the nasal valve.
Nasal mucosa
The nasal vestibule, constituting the first 1-2 cm of the nasal cavity, is lined with keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium containing hair follicles and sebaceous and sweat glands. At the mucocutaneous junction (limen nasi), the epithelium transitions to pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells. This epithelium lines most of the sinonasal tract with the exception of the olfactory mucosa.
Blood supply in India
The arterial blood supply to the nose originates from the maxillary and facial branches of the external carotid artery and from the ophthalmic branch of the internal carotid artery. The anterior facial vein, sphenopalatine vein, and ethmoid vein supply venous drainage. The nasal vasculature is composed of arterioles, submucosal capillary beds, and venules. Specifically, the nasal vasculature of the inferior turbinate is a sinusoidal network of large capacitance vessels. These sinusoidal vessels are found primarily in the inferior turbinate and the anterior septum. The result is that the inferior turbinate functions as erectile tissue.
The Operation in India
You have a general anaesthetic and are completely asleep. A cut will be made in the skin above your ear. From inside this cut the surgeon will take a small, thin piece of tissue. This tissue is called a graft, and the surgeon will use it to seal up the hole in your ear drum. The surgeon will shine a microscope inside your ear, and the rest of the operation is carried out through the ear passage. Using very, very small instruments, the ear drum is lifted up and the graft is put underneath the ear drum and spread out to seal up the hole.
A small amount of some sticky-spongy dissolvable material is placed on each side of the graft (in the ear tube and the middle ear) to support the graft until it heals and seals up the hole. This material will just melt away in a few weeks. A dressing soaked in antibiotic drops will then be put into the ear passage, and stays in place for about three weeks whilst the graft and ear drum are healing up. Cotton-wool padding is placed over the ear and held in place with a bandage. Because you are asleep you will not feel any pain during the operation. You will be in the hospital for one or two days depending upon your progress.
The Middle Turbinate - Purpose And Problems
The middle turbinate has a different purpose. It sort of acts as an “awning” that protects the sinus openings from direct airflow. It is located higher up in the nasal cavity. It does not have the highly vascular tissue covering that the middle turbinate has, it’s composition is more bone with a thinner mucous membrane covering.
The middle turbinate can cause problems when it is enlarged or shaped abnormally. It can either block the sinus openings and/or it can put pressure on surrounding structures and cause congestion or sinus pain. The middle turbinate can be large enough to obstruct airflow to some degree,
The most common abnormalities of the middle turbinate are the concha bullosa, the club shaped middle turbinate, and a paradoxically curved middle turbinate. All of these variants can cause problems by being too large for the space that they are allotted. It’s like putting 10 pounds in a 5 pound sack.
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Treatment for tonsillitis and adenoiditis:
Specific treatment for tonsillitis and adenoiditis will be determined by your child’s physician based on:
- your child’s age, overall health, and medical history
- extent of the infection
- type of infection
- your child’s tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies
- expectations for the course of the infection
- your opinion or preference
Your child’s physician will decide the best treatment for your child. Treatment depends on the cause of the infection, the severity of the infection, and the number of times the child has developed infections. Your child’s physician may order antibiotics to help with the infection.
Some children may be referred to an ear, nose, and throat surgeon to have the tonsils and adenoids removed. This surgery is called a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A). Often, the tonsils and adenoids are removed at the same time, but, sometimes, only one is removed. Your child’s physician will discuss this with you.
What should we expect after surgery?
As previously mentioned, most patients have a significant amount of pain after tonsillectomy, with pain resolving 5-12 days after surgery. Older children and adults seem to have more discomfort. Most patients can go home the day of surgery.
- Ear pain: Many children will complain of ear aches after tonsillectomy. This is caused by pain coming from throat and not the ears. Give pain medications and encourage liquid intake.
- Fever: Many patients have a low-grade fever after tonsillectomy – up to 101.5 degrees (380 C.). Give Tylenol and plenty of fluids. Higher prolonged fever should be reported to your surgeon.
- Bad looking (and bad smelling) throat: Most tonsillar areas (after surgery) are covered with a white exudate – sometimes with bad breath – for up to 12 days. There be some redness and swelling as well. The uvula (the thing hanging down in the middle) is occasionally swollen.
When should we call the doctor?
- Bleeding: Significant bleeding is rare. More than two tablespoons of fresh blood should be reported. If bleeding persists, ice water mouth washes may help. For severe bleeding, go to the nearest emergency room.
- Dehydration: If there has been little or no liquids taken for 24 hours, notify your surgeon. Signs of dehydration include lethargy, and reduced or very concentrated urine output.
- High Fever: Temperatures greater than 1020, or when accompanied by cough or difficulty breathing, should be reported
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