CABG is one treatment for CHD. During CABG, a healthy artery or vein from the body is connected, or grafted, to the blocked coronary artery. The grafted artery or vein bypasses (that is, goes around) the blocked portion of the coronary artery.
This creates a new passage, and oxygen-rich blood is routed around the blockage to the heart muscle.
After surgery, there will be a short stay (1 to 2 days if there are no complications) in the intensive care unit (ICU).
In the ICU, you will likely have : –
After the grafts have been completed during the “on pump” procedure, the heart-lung machine is turned off, the heart starts beating on its own, and the flow of blood returns to normal.
Temporary pacing wires and a chest tube to drain fluid are placed before the sternum is closed with special sternal wires. Then the chest is closed with internal stitches or traditional external stitches. Sometimes a temporary pacemaker is attached to the pacing wires to regulate the heart rhythm until your condition improves.
Full recovery from coronary artery bypass graft surgery takes about 2 months, or may be sooner if minimally invasive surgery techniques were used. Most patients are able to drive in about 3 to 8 weeks after surgery. Your doctor will provide specific guidelines for your recovery and return to work, including specific instructions on activity and how to care for your incision and general health after the surgery.
During the first few months after surgery, you will probably need to visit a few times with the doctor who referred you for surgery. You will need to schedule regular appointments with your cardiologist (even if you have no symptoms).
Your follow-up appointments may be scheduled every year, or more often, as recommended by your doctor. Your appointments should include a medical exam. Diagnostic studies (such as an echocardiogram) may be repeated at regular intervals.
You should call your doctor if your symptoms become more severe or frequent. Don’t wait until your next appointment to discuss changes in your symptoms.
Although the immediate risks of coronary artery bypass graft surgery are greater than those of angioplasty, long-term outcomes are similar for both procedures. CABG surgery may offer the advantages of greater durability and more complete revascularization. Generally, the greater the extent of coronary atherosclerosis, the greater the benefits of bypass surgery over angioplasty.
Bypass surgery may be considered a better option for some people who have : –
Bypass surgery often relieves symptoms of chest pain (angina), improves exercise performance, and reduces the risk of a future heart attack.
People with severe coronary artery disease (CAD) have an increased risk of death within a year when they are treated with bypass surgery rather than medicines alone. But 5 to 10 years after bypass surgery, the risk of death from CAD is less for those who had surgery compared with those treated with medicine. Factors that affect these results include the number of coronary arteries that are diseased, the severity of the disease, and the location of the plaque in the coronary arteries.
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