Vascular surgery is also often used to treat abdominal aneurysms or help prevent strokes. If found in advance, a vascular specialist may surgically treat blocked arteries in the neck or upper chest to help prevent a possible stroke. A vascular surgeon may also surgically address vascular trauma or surgically redirect blood vessels in patients with poor circulation due to conditions such as diabetes and peripheral vascular disease.
Patients with problems of the lymphatic system, such as lymphedema, may also require the care of a vascular surgical physician. Lymphedema is the retention of the fluids that carry blood products from the vessels to the cells. A vascular surgeon may also consult with patients suffering from scleroderma, an autoimmune disease that causes hardening of tissues, or Raynaud’s syndrome, a disorder of the extremities that is characterized by blood vessel spasms and decreased blood flow.
Vascular surgeons say the lack of awareness of the disease is so acute, that even some cardio-vascular surgeons have never heard of vascular surgery.
While vascular disease is on the rise, lack of research further ails the specialty of vascular surgery. Experts say ‘vascular research’ in India is needed to find out the etiology of vascular diseases affecting younger age group, define the diagnosis and treatment of diseases that are unique and behave differently in India.
Vascular surgeons also true that the term ‘cardio vascular surgery’ is still commonly used, though the training and education approach to the disease, diagnosis and therapy of vascular diseases is very different from approach to a patient with heart disease. “These two distinct specialties should be recognized separately.
Cardiothoracic and vascular surgery department is regularly performing all kinds of cardiac as well as vascular and thoracic surgery with excellent results.
Vascular surgery is a specialty of surgery in which diseases of the vascular system, or arteries and veins, are managed by medical therapy, minimally-invasive catheter procedures, and surgical reconstruction.
If the aneurysm develops at a vital site such as the aorta, heroic surgical measures may be required to correct the problem. Before the important artery can be clamped off, the patient may have to be attached to a heart-lung machine and the body temperature lowered so as to reduce normal body functions to a minimum. After the aneurysm is removed, that section of the aorta may have to be replaced with a piece of plastic artery. Not all aneurysms require such complicated methods of repair; if the ballooning section of artery develops as a saclike appendage, it frequently can be tied off and removed while the relatively small opening between the blood vessel and the sac is sewed closed.
Surgical removal of an aneurysm is the only available treatment for the disorder. The surgery is much less complicated if the abnormal section of the blood vessel is replaced before it ruptures than after. When the patient has recovered from correction of the aneurysm, he can resume a rather active, normal life style.
Vascular diseases are usually caused by conditions that clog or weaken blood vessels, or damage valves that control the flow of blood in and out of the veins, thus robbing them of vital blood nutrients and oxygen. A few common diseases affecting the arteries are peripheral vascular disease (PVD), carotid artery disease, and aortic aneurysms (AAA).
Surgery is used to treat specific diseased arteries, such as atherosclerosis, to help prevent strokes or heart attacks, improve or relieve angina or hypertension, remove aneurysms, improve claudication, and save legs that would otherwise have to be amputated. The choices involve repairing the artery, bypassing it, or replacing it.
Most blood clots originate in the legs, but they can also form in the veins of arms, the right side of the heart, or even at the tip of a catheter placed in a vein.
Traditional open surgery as a treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysms and other types of aneurysm includes a long incision to gain access to and repair the aneurysm. The best method to repair an aneurysm depends upon several factors, including the location and shape of the aneurysm as well as the physical condition of the patient. Each patient is evaluated, and treatment will be individualized for the patient’s circumstances. Our Cleveland Clinic physicians are recognized internationally for their extensive experience with surgical approaches for treating aneurysms.
For many vascular patients, surgery is the medical option that best meets their needs. And at Swedish, experienced vascular surgeons perform a wide range of procedures – allowing them to treat common conditions as well as the highly complex. In addition to expert surgeons, vascular-surgery teams also include highly trained clinical and other staff – all focused on providing excellent patient care and outcomes.
All surgeries carry some risks. There is a risk of infection whenever incisions are required.
Operations in the chest or those that involve major blood vessels carry a higher risk of complications. Patients who smoke, have high blood pressure, chronic lung or kidney disease, or other illnesses are at greater risk of complications during and after surgery.
Other risks of vascular surgery include : –
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